Combined water-heater and sprinkler system.



W. B. HAMMOND. COMBINED WATER HEATER AND SPRINKLER SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.7,1911.

. 1,058,968, Patented Apr. 15,1913.

\ er I L/F fl/i7 P 19237065566" Ea /62%;; w M m fi ew 4 41' JM r $72914 7 recently been proposed and by means which a single system of piping installed I have oh sin sins rarnnr enrich.

' VVILBERFGRGE BEE-CHER HAMMOND, OF BEOOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

COMBINED 'WATER-HEATER"AND SPRINKLER SYSTEM. I

I fipcificati'on of Letters Patent. Application filed; Decemlieri 7-, 1911. Serial 0. 664.435.

near the ceiling of apartmentsto be heated, is availed O'E'filSO to perform the duty ofa fire ext oi" emer .icy-hy the automaticoperation of sprinirlt heads. V 1

.ln ordercompletel v, to satisfy the requirements of fire uinlerwriters, sprinkler heads should he so constitutcd'as .to release Water when thetei'n'perature the sprinkler heads rises to about 160 F. Dn-tl1e other hand in order to heat large apartments such as mill or 'tactoryrooms eil'ect-iyely by hot Water it is desirable and 111 many'cases nee essary to carry Water through the pipes of the heating system at an entrance temperature of 2 2 F. or even as high as 220 F. l hcrefori. of the standard type in Water heating systems in' close proximity to the waterheah' inn pipes. particularly in locations immediately above such heater pipes introduces an element of danger by necessarily maintaining the sprinkler heads at a temperature uncmnfoii't-ahly close tothat at which they are set to release.

Well known. Water damage often exceeds damage directly,attributableto fire.

I am aware that previously to my invention herein described it has been proposed to apply sprinkler heads tofvert-icalbffsets joined to a hot Water circulating pipe, but ed by experiment and practice that in such constructions the temperature of the s nkler heads always rises to and frequently heyond the releasingtemperature whens. the Water in the heater pipe is raised to a temperature effective for heating purposes- I As will he more particularly described herein. lv have discovered that if thesprin: kler' o'l'l'scts 3Z1 av hot- Water circulatlngpipe are so constructed that the sprinkler head WILBERFORCE ishing system c ontrolledin case.

.Fig. showsjthesamein planview.

"he installation of sprinkler heads The dangers incident to such nations are considerable since as is- Patented Apr. 1.5, 1913.

at the deadend of' snch an offset is at a horizontal distance measured along the pipe connection whether this be straight or curved, itrom the unction with the circulation pipe Which-1s decidedly infexcess of its vertical displacement therefrom. communication of heat by circulation in the otfset itself ispractically cut oil, and the heat insulatinge ect of trapped gases in the olfsets rendered ettective to maintain thete'mperature' at; the s prinlile'r' head "at a safe point, though that of the circulating Water 1.. 1n the-c1rculat1on pipe be carried to they,

practical highest limit, .i p

- p H 70. I In the drawings hereto annexed .Whichillustrate examples of my inventioIn- Figri ure 1' 1s a V ew. of portions of a combined vation; Fig. 2 is aplan view of the system illustrated iii 1'; Fig; shows-a modifi- Water heater and sprinkler system in ele-,-

cation of my improvements inelevation; and

- Referring to 1 and 2; A represents heater pipe to carr'y'hot Water intocircula: -tion these heater pipes beingapproximately horizontal-, B. areTs employedt'or, the,

heater pipe couplings instead "of the: usual straight couplings and fioi'n these Tls ex: 1 tend ofisets which comprise each an :elbow G and a dead-end section E at the end or Which the sprinkler head]? is secured by-an elbow D. These ofi's'et portions project from 'the upperportion '(i'f the heater pipes, the

dead endsection' E lies approximately in a horizontal; plane so that the offsets as a 'whole'may as occ'asion requires drain cr n31- pletely -into the heater pipes. In order to directly above the heater pipe A, the offset,

or the major .portionof it, extendspreferably at anangleto the pipe A as Willhe ohservcd' by reference to Fig. 2. The sprinkler head maybe secured upstanding or downturned as indicated in 'Fi 1,

though the upstanding position is preferred. An alternatrve though to my mind not remove the-sprinkler headF from the region a preferable. arranger cent, is illustrated in I Figs. Sand at in which the oii'sets proceed from the, side of the pipe A or union B and the elbow C with the attached dead-end pipe E is: canted upward so that'the major portion Ofi'l]? oftset'stands above the level I of the Water in the pipe A. In this arrange inent as in that shown in l and 2 the sprinkler-head F s placed at one side of the heater pipes so as to be out of the direct current'ot heated air rising from the heater plpes and also so as to deliver a stream of kler head releases.

In the operation above described sprinkler head oti'sets work as follows: After the heater system. is filled with water and circulation has continued for a time, gas is trapped in the offsets. If the water in circulation through the system did notwith a substantial continuity supply this gas for the replenishment of the oifsets, the imperceptibly small leakage supplemented. probably by reabsorption of the gases in the ottsets by the water in the system would result intilling the ottsets with water. Usually, however, theintroduction of fresh supplies of water to makeup for evaporation, leakage, etc, introduces enough new air to replenish the gaseous content of the ofi'scts and a practically stagnant column of poorly conductive gas saturated with water vapor, which is alsoa poor heat-conductor, is in terposed between the water in the system and the sprinkler head A. Moreover the lateral disposition of the oit'sets with respect to the pipes A presents an etl'iective area of conductive metal in the offsets to the rising current of air coming from all portions of the apartment. so thateven if by temporary accidental exhaustion of the occluded gases these oiisets were to be filled with water the sprinkler head F will remain at a temperaturesafely below that at which sprinkler heads are usually set to release, for a time sutiicient to allow restoration of trapped gas. Since these sprinkler head offsets are in the preferable construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 arranged to drain completely into the heater pipes, conversely they are so placed as to intercept air-bubbles carried along with the water so that each fresh supply of water to the system will convey to the sprinkler oitset a supply of gas to replenish the gases in the offset.

The horizontal component of displace ment of the sprinkler head from the point of junction of the otiset with the circulation pipe measured along the ott'set pipe. greatly exceeds the vertical component. In the preferred form shown in Figs. 1 and 2. the short vertical component is provided by the pipe-member between coupling B and quarter turn C, and the vertically disposed parts of this coupling and quarter turn, while the relatively greater horizontal component is provided by the pipe E. The angle of inclination of the pipe E shown in Fig.

water the more efficiently in case the sprin-' 3 affords a similar relative horizontal and vertical displacement. hat I claim and desire. to secure by Letters Patent is: y 1. The combination in a combined circulatory water heating and sprinkler system of a pipe for the circulation of heating water, upwardly branching offset. pipes secured to the circulation pipe and in communication therewith, said oitsets terminating in dead ends, the horizontal component ot ofiiset of said dead ends from the junction with the circulating pipe measured along the ottset being materially greater than the vertical component, and sprinkler heads secured to said offsets at their dead ends.

2. The combination in a combined circulatory water heating and sprinkler system, of a pipe for the circulation of heating water, upwardly and laterally branching oiiiset pipes secured to the circulation pipe and in communication therewith, said offsets terminating in dead ends, the horizontal component of oii set of said dead ends from the junction with the circulation pipe. measured along the offset, being materially greater than the vertical component, and sprinkler heads secured to said offsets at their dead ends.

3. The combinationin a combined circulatory water heating and sprinkler system, of a pipe for the circulation of heating water, offset pipes secured to the circulation pipe and in communication therewith, each comprising a relatively short vertical pipe member adjacent to the circulation pipe and a relatively long horizontal pipe member extending from the short. vertical member, said horizontal members terminating in dead ends, and sprinkler heads secured at said dead ends.

4. The combination in a combined circulatory water heating and sprinkler system, of a. pipe for the circulation of heating water ottsct pipes secured to and in communication with the circulation pipe, each oiisct comprising a relatively short member extending upwardly from the circulation pipe, and a relatively long horizontal member terminating in a dead end, and, a sprinkler head secured to said horizontal member.

Signed by me at Boston, l\'lassachusctts, this second dayof December, 1911.

WILBERFOKCE BEEClllilt HAMMOND.

\Vitnesses Unix liomurrs. (nannies l). \Voommuuv.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

